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What can cause a cracked piston like this?

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11K views 10 replies 4 participants last post by  Mech E  
#1 ·
I got this donor truck and the previous owner stated that it had a washed out #5 cylinder. I finally started the tear down today and found the #5 was cracked clean across. The funny thing is, zero head and cylinder damage. No gouges, cracks, etc. The bores still have very good cross hatch, even in #5! Definitely a best case scenario for me, no sleeves needed and might be able to get away with just a 10 over bore. A couple things though, this truck has never been chipped or modified. The previous owner used it for hauling his camper around and he did long trips from southern AZ up to Montana, Washington, etc. So it saw some mountain roads. And this thing was immaculately maintained. Over 240k on the clock and the whole coolant system looks brand spanking new. The oil was dark, but with a cracked piston, it would be. All the other wear surfaces look nearly new. Cam is barely worn. I have not pulled the main caps or rods yet, so the jury is still out on how those look.

200837
 
#3 ·
Is the oil squirter still intact on that piston?
 
#6 ·
It does look like heat. I'm on board with the piston cooler checking. However I sure wouldn't run that injector again either.

How is the ridge at the top of the cylinder walls? Can you hang a finger nail on it? You might get away with honing the cylinders, new pistons, bearings, do the heads and put it together.

Sent from my E6810 using Tapatalk
 
#7 ·
It does look like heat. I'm on board with the piston cooler checking. However I sure wouldn't run that injector again either.

How is the ridge at the top of the cylinder walls? Can you hang a finger nail on it? You might get away with honing the cylinders, new pistons, bearings, do the heads and put it together.

Sent from my E6810 using Tapatalk
So, I got a second wind and almost finished the tear down. Only thing left besides oil galley plugs, cam bearings, freeze plugs, is the rear plate and crank. But then an earthquake hit and made me dizzy. It shook everything in the garage, including the engine on the stand. It was a bit spooky for about 15-20 seconds or so. So I'm done for the night.

A bit of back story that I failed to mention, the PO said that he took it to a mechanic and he said it was a bad #5 injector. Replaced it and still had issues (obviously) since the jackwagon didn't bother doing a compression check. So the #5 (an AB by the way), is new. But I don't care about the injectors since I'll probably be putting in 300/300s or something way too big lol

No ridge on the cylinder walls to speak of. Scraped off the carbon build up and it is nice and smooth. Pistons came out easy, no hangups where a ridge would be. I'll have to mic it out and see if it passes, but I'm looking to make 500-600 HP on this build. So "good enough" will not work for me. Much money is getting dumped into this, so I'll bore it 10 over if that gives me a good, straight bore with no imperfections. I could slap another piston in this thing and have a running 7.3 though. Easily. The bearings are in great shape. I wouldn't believe someone if they gave me this engine and told me it had 240k miles on it with the way the internals look. I've never seen one in this good of shape with so many miles. I'm really amazed. Only reason I do believe it, is because I bought the whole truck and when taking it apart I could easily tell no one had it out before.

All the cooling nozzles are good too. But with this thing getting used to haul weight up the passes, heat cycling seems likely (now that I did some research and asked around lol). The piston isn't split in two, but it was very close to it. The cracks made it down past the ring lands and into the wrist pin hole on one side. Close to catastrophic failure.
 
#8 ·
Earthquake eh? Yeah I hate those. Even the little ones we get. You are in the Yuma area right?

Glad you are discovering a solid unit. I've seen lots of broken pistons, but not one in a Powerstroke yet, that one is sure odd. Injector story sounds better and better.

I've got mixed emotions about boring one that doesn't need it, it's always possible that it will uncover a crack or a pin hole that needs fixing, but thicker cylinder walls makes me feel better. But I do see your point about wanting new and true. Just some thoughts.

Sent from my E6810 using Tapatalk
 
#9 ·
Earthquake eh? Yeah I hate those. Even the little ones we get. You are in the Yuma area right?

Glad you are discovering a solid unit. I've seen lots of broken pistons, but not one in a Powerstroke yet, that one is sure odd. Injector story sounds better and better.

I've got mixed emotions about boring one that doesn't need it, it's always possible that it will uncover a crack or a pin hole that needs fixing, but thicker cylinder walls makes me feel better. But I do see your point about wanting new and true. Just some thoughts.

Sent from my E6810 using Tapatalk
Yep, down in Yuma. The quake hit south of the border, so we didn't get anything bad.Still not fun to experience though. Too surreal for my taste.

I'm not one to bore or grind or remove material if not needed as well. Hoping to stay away from decking too, if I can. Thicker walls are preferred, but a 7.3 can be bored 30 over safely, and then it can be sleeved. So the block could go millions of mile, in theory at least. I'm only going overboard on this build because of the power levels I'm hoping to achieve, and a 10 over bore is still well within the margin. I appreciate the thoughts, that why I'm on this site lol
 
#11 ·
I'll keep the compression stock. Gives me more headroom for boost and I want to keep the power levels below the fire-rings and block-fill point. Needs to stay reliable and streetable since it's going into my trailer-tow/off-road rig.